Abstract

Premature infants often suffer from cognitive deficits and hippocampal abnormalities. In this study, we investigated whether oestrogen replacement therapy restores neurogenesis and dentate gyrus development in premature newborns using an animal model of prematurity. Our results show that oestrogen treatment enhances neurogenesis, preserves the neural progenitor pool, and normalizes dentate gyrus architecture through the regulation of the IGF1 signaling pathway, providing a promising neuroprotective avenue for preterm infants.